Handling permission pop-ups

The website you are testing may ask for specific permissions during testing.
For example:

Permission to access the device location
Permission to access the camera and/or microphone
Permission to show notifications
Permission to access clipboard

The browser might show a popup or prompt, asking for user permission. In case of Automated Testing, you'll need a way to automatically approve/deny these requests. Below we'll show you how to do this with your Automated Tests.

Location Permission

A popup will appear when the website or mobile app asks the user for the location.
You can choose to Allow or Block this request.

require 'rubygems'
require 'selenium-webdriver'

# 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("chromeOptions" => {"prefs" => { "profile.default_content_setting_values.geolocation" => 1 } })

caps['browserName'] = 'Chrome'
caps['version'] = 'latest'
caps['platform'] = 'WIN10'

driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote,
  :url => "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
  :desired_capabilities => caps)
driver.navigate.to "https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/geolocation"
driver.find_element(:xpath, "//*[@id='content']/div/button").click;
sleep 5
driver.quit

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class AllowLocationPopup {
  public static final String URL = "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub";

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
    caps.setCapability("browserName", "Chrome");
    caps.setCapability("version", "latest");
    caps.setCapability("platform", "WIN10");

    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    Map<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    Map<String, Object> profile = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    Map<String, Object> contentSettings = new HashMap<String, Object>();

    // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
    contentSettings.put("geolocation", 1);
    profile.put("managed_default_content_settings", contentSettings);
    prefs.put("profile", profile);
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);

    caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
    WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(URL), caps);
    driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/geolocation");
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//*[@id='content']/div/button")).click();
    Thread.sleep(5000);
    driver.quit();
  }
}

<?php

    require_once('vendor/autoload.php');
    use Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\RemoteWebDriver;
    use Facebook\WebDriver\WebDriverBy;

    $options = new ChromeOptions();
    // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
    $options->setExperimentalOption('prefs', [
        'profile.default_content_setting_values.geolocation' => 1
    ]);

    $caps = DesiredCapabilities::chrome();

    $caps->setCapability(
        ChromeOptions::CAPABILITY_W3C,
        // There is a bug in php-webdriver, so ->toArray() is needed!
        $options->toArray()
    );
    $web_driver = RemoteWebDriver::create(
    "https://api_key:api_secret@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
      $caps, 120000
    );
    $web_driver->get("https://google.com");

    $element = $web_driver->findElement(WebDriverBy::name("q"));
    if ($element) {
      $element->sendKeys("TestingBot");
      $element->submit();
    }
    print $web_driver->getTitle();
    $web_driver->quit();
?>

from time import sleep
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()

# 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("prefs", { "profile.default_content_setting_values.geolocation": 1})

desired_cap = chrome_options.to_capabilities()
desired_cap.update({
  'version': 'latest',
  'platform': 'WIN10',
  'browserName': 'chrome'
})

driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=desired_cap)
driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/geolocation")
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id='content']/div/button").click()
sleep(10)
driver.quit()

var chrome = require("selenium-webdriver/chrome");

var capabilities = {
  'browserName' : 'Chrome',
  'version' : 'latest',
  'platform' : 'WIN10'

  'goog:chromeOptions': {
    prefs: {
      // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow this permission request, 2 - Block (deny) this permission request
      'profile.managed_default_content_settings.geolocation' : 1
    }
  }
}

var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
  .usingServer('https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub')
  .withCapabilities(capabilities)
  .build();

driver.get('https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/geolocation')
  .then(function(){
    driver.findElement(webdriver.By.xpath("//*[@id='content']/div/button")).click()
      .then(function(){
        driver.quit();
      });
  });

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Hosting;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;

namespace GeoCSharp
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            RemoteWebDriver driver;
            Dictionary<string, object> profile = new Dictionary<string, object>();

            // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
            profile.Add("profile.default_content_setting_values.geolocation", 1);

            Dictionary<string, object> chromeOptions = new Dictionary<string, object>();

            chromeOptions.Add("prefs", profile);

            ChromeOptions capability = new ChromeOptions();
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("browserName", "Chrome", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("version", "latest", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("platform", "WIN10", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("key", "key", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("secret", "secret", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("chromeOptions", chromeOptions, true);

            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri("http://hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub/"), capability);
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/geolocation");
            driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//*[@id='content']/div/button")).Click();
            Thread.Sleep(5000);
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

Camera and Microphone Permissions

During your Automated Testing, you might want to test and handle Camera and Microphone permissions.

Please see the example below, it shows you how to either Allow or Block a request from your webapp.

require 'rubygems'
require 'selenium-webdriver'

# Configure ChromeOptions to pass a fake media stream during testing
# You can use this with Edge as well
caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("chromeOptions" => {"args" => ['--use-fake-device-for-media-stream', '--use-fake-ui-for-media-stream'] })
caps['browserName'] = 'Chrome'
caps['version'] = 'latest'
caps['platform'] = 'WIN10'

driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote,
  :url => "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
  :desired_capabilities => caps)

# Web Cam Test
driver.navigate.to "https://webcamtests.com/check"
sleep(5)
driver.find_element(:id, "webcam-launcher").click
sleep(2)

# Microphone Test
driver.navigate.to "https://www.vidyard.com/mic-test/"
sleep(5)
driver.find_element(:xpath, "//a[@id='start-test']").click
sleep(2)
driver.quit

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

import java.net.URL;

public class AllowCameraPopupChrome {
  public static final String URL = "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub";

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    // Configure ChromeOptions to pass a fake media stream
    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    options.addArguments("use-fake-device-for-media-stream");
    options.addArguments("use-fake-ui-for-media-stream");

    DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
    caps.setCapability("browserName", "Chrome");
    caps.setCapability("version", "latest");
    caps.setCapability("platform", "WIN10");
    caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);
    WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(URL), caps);

    // WebCam Test
    driver.get("https://webcamtests.com/check");
    Thread.sleep(5000);
    driver.findElement(By.id("webcam-launcher")).click();
    Thread.sleep(2000);

    // Microphone Test
    driver.get("https://www.vidyard.com/mic-test/");
    Thread.sleep(2000);
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("(//a[@id='start-test']")).click();
    Thread.sleep(2000);

    driver.quit();
  }
}

<?php

    require_once('vendor/autoload.php');
    use Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\RemoteWebDriver;
    use Facebook\WebDriver\WebDriverBy;

    $options = new ChromeOptions();
    $options->addArguments(array("use-fake-device-for-media-stream", "use-fake-ui-for-media-stream"));
    $caps = DesiredCapabilities::chrome();

    $caps->setCapability(
        ChromeOptions::CAPABILITY,
        $options
    );
    $web_driver = RemoteWebDriver::create(
    "https://api_key:api_secret@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
      $caps, 120000
    );
    
    // WebCam Test
    $web_driver->get("https://webcamtests.com/check");
    $element = $web_driver->findElement(WebDriverBy::id("webcam-launcher"));
    if ($element) {
      $element->click();
    }

    // Microphone Test
    $web_driver->get("https://www.vidyard.com/mic-test");
    $element = $web_driver->findElement(WebDriverBy::xpath("(//a[@id='start-test']")));
    if ($element) {
      $element->click();
    }

    $web_driver->quit();
?>

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import time

desired_cap = {
  'version': 'latest',
  'platform': 'WIN10',
  'browserName': 'chrome'

  # Configure ChromeOptions to pass fake media stream
  'chromeOptions': {
    'args': ["--use-fake-device-for-media-stream", "--use-fake-ui-for-media-stream"]
  }
}
driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=desired_cap)

# WebCam Test
driver.get("https://webcamtests.com/check")
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_id("webcam-launcher").click()
time.sleep(2)

# Mic Test
driver.get("https://www.vidyard.com/mic-test/")
time.sleep(5)
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//a[@id='start-test']").click()
time.sleep(2)
driver.quit()

var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');
var chrome = require("selenium-webdriver/chrome");

var capabilities = {
  'browserName' : 'Chrome',
  'version' : 'latest',
  'platform' : 'WIN10',

  // Configure ChromeOptions to pass fake media stream
  'goog:chromeOptions': {
    'args': ["--use-fake-device-for-media-stream", "--use-fake-ui-for-media-stream"]
  }
}

var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
  .usingServer('https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub')
  .withCapabilities(capabilities)
  .build();

// Webcam Test
driver.get('https://webcamtests.com/check')
  .then(function() {
    setTimeout(function() {
      driver.findElement(webdriver.By.id("webcam-launcher")).click()
        .then(function() {
          setTimeout(function() {
            // Microphone Test
            driver.get('https://www.vidyard.com/mic-test/')
              .then(function() {
                driver.findElement(webdriver.By.xpath("//a[@id='start-test']")).click()
                  .then(function() {
                    setTimeout(function() {
                        driver.quit();
                    }, 2000);
                });
              });
          }, 2000);
        });
    }, 2000);
  });

using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using System.Threading;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SampleCSharp
{
    public class AllowCameraMicPopupChrome
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            IWebDriver driver;

            //Configure ChromeOptions to pass fake media stream
            ChromeOptions chromeOptions = new ChromeOptions();
            chromeOptions.AddArgument("--use-fake-device-for-media-stream");
            chromeOptions.AddArgument("--use-fake-ui-for-media-stream");

            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("browserName", "Chrome", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("version", "latest", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("platform", "WIN10", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("key", "key", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("secret", "secret", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("chromeOptions", chromeOptions, true);

            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri("http://hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub/"), capability);

            // Webcam Test           
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://webcamtests.com/check");
            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            driver.FindElement(By.Id("webcam-launcher")).Click();
            Thread.Sleep(5000);

            // Microphone Test
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://www.vidyard.com/mic-test/");
            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//a[@id='start-test']")).Click();
            Thread.Sleep(2000);

            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

Notification Permissions

During your Automated Testing, the website might request access to show notifications.

Please see the example below, it shows you how to either Allow or Block a notification request.

require 'rubygems'
require 'selenium-webdriver'

# 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("chromeOptions" => {"prefs" => { "profile.default_content_setting_values.notifications" => 1 } })
caps['browserName'] = 'Chrome'
caps['version'] = 'latest'
caps['platform'] = 'WIN10'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote,
  :url => "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
  :desired_capabilities => caps)

driver.navigate.to "https://web-push-book.gauntface.com/demos/notification-examples/"
driver.find_element(:xpath, "//body/main[1]/p[3]/input[1]").click;
sleep(2)
driver.quit

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class AllowNotificationPopupDesktop {
  public static final String URL = "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub";

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
    caps.setCapability("browserName", "Chrome");
    caps.setCapability("version", "latest");
    caps.setCapability("platform", "WIN10");
    caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);

    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    Map<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    Map<String, Object> profile = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    Map<String, Object> contentSettings = new HashMap<String, Object>();

    // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
    contentSettings.put("notifications", 1);
    profile.put("managed_default_content_settings", contentSettings);
    prefs.put("profile", profile);
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);

    caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);

    WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(URL), caps);

    driver.get("https://web-push-book.gauntface.com/demos/notification-examples/");
    driver.findElement(By.xpath("//body/main[1]/p[3]/input[1]")).click();
    Thread.sleep(2000);
    driver.quit();
  }
}

<?php

    require_once('vendor/autoload.php');
    use Facebook\WebDriver\Remote\RemoteWebDriver;
    use Facebook\WebDriver\WebDriverBy;

    $options = new ChromeOptions();
    // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
    $options->setExperimentalOption('prefs', [
        'profile.default_content_setting_values.notifications' => 1
    ]);

    $caps = DesiredCapabilities::chrome();

    $caps->setCapability(
        ChromeOptions::CAPABILITY_W3C,
        // There is a bug in php-webdriver, so ->toArray() is needed!
        $options->toArray()
    );
    $web_driver = RemoteWebDriver::create(
    "https://api_key:api_secret@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
      $caps, 120000
    );
    
    $web_driver->get("https://web-push-book.gauntface.com/demos/notification-examples/");
    $element = $web_driver->findElement(WebDriverBy::xpath("//body/main[1]/p[3]/input[1]"));
    if ($element) {
      $element->click();
    }

    $web_driver->quit();
?>

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import time

# 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("prefs", { "profile.default_content_setting_values.notifications": 1})
desired_cap = chrome_options.to_capabilities()
desired_cap.update({
  'version': 'latest',
  'platform': 'WIN10',
  'browserName': 'chrome'
})
driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=desired_cap)
driver.get("https://web-push-book.gauntface.com/demos/notification-examples/")
driver.find_element_by_xpath("//body/main[1]/p[3]/input[1]").click()
time.sleep(2)
driver.quit()

var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');
var chrome = require("selenium-webdriver/chrome");

var capabilities = {
  'browserName' : 'Chrome',
  'version' : 'latest',
  'platform' : 'WIN10',
  'goog:chromeOptions': {
    prefs: {
      // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
      'profile.managed_default_content_settings.notifications': 1
    }
  }
}

var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
  .usingServer('https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub')
  .withCapabilities(capabilities)
  .build();

driver.get('https://web-push-book.gauntface.com/demos/notification-examples/')
  .then(function() {
    driver.findElement(webdriver.By.xpath("//body/main[1]/p[3]/input[1]")).click()
      .then(function() {
        driver.quit();
      });
  });

using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SampleCSharp
{
    public class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            RemoteWebDriver driver;
            Dictionary<string, object> profile = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            // 0 - Default, 1 - Allow, 2 - Block
            profile.Add("profile.default_content_setting_values.notifications", 1);
            Dictionary<string, object> chromeOptions = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            chromeOptions.Add("prefs", profile);

            // SET CAPABILITY
            ChromeOptions capability = new ChromeOptions();
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("browserName", "Chrome", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("version", "latest", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("platform", "WIN10", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("key", "key", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("secret", "secret", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("chromeOptions", chromeOptions, true);

            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri("http://hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub/"), capability);
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://web-push-book.gauntface.com/demos/notification-examples/");
            driver.FindElement(By.XPath("//body/main[1]/p[3]/input[1]")).Click();
            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

Clipboard Permissions

During your Automated Testing, Javascript code on the website you are testing might ask for clipboard permission.
This permission dialog asks the user if the website can read (and/or write) to the clipboard.

Usually, this is accomplished by running a piece of Javascript code, similar to this snippet:

const text = await navigator.clipboard.readText();

Please see the example below, it shows you how to either Allow or Block a clipboard access request.

require 'rubygems'
require 'selenium-webdriver'

caps = Selenium::WebDriver::Remote::Capabilities.chrome("chromeOptions" => {"prefs" => { "profile.content_settings.exceptions.clipboard" => '*': {'setting': 1} } })
caps['browserName'] = 'Chrome'
caps['version'] = 'latest'
caps['platform'] = 'WIN10'
driver = Selenium::WebDriver.for(:remote,
  :url => "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub",
  :desired_capabilities => caps)

driver.navigate.to "https://permission.site/#read-text"
driver.find_element(:id, "read-text").click;
sleep(2)
driver.quit

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.chrome.ChromeOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.DesiredCapabilities;
import org.openqa.selenium.remote.RemoteWebDriver;

import java.net.URL;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class AllowClipboardPermission {
  public static final String URL = "https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub";

  private static Map<String,Object> getClipBoardSettingsMap(int settingValue) throws JsonProcessingException {
    Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<>();
    map.put("last_modified",String.valueOf(System.currentTimeMillis()));
    map.put("setting", settingValue);
    Map<String,Object> cbPreference = new HashMap<>();
    cbPreference.put("[*.],*",map);
    ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    String json = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(cbPreference);
    logger.info("clipboardSettingJson: " + json);
    return cbPreference;
  }

  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    DesiredCapabilities caps = new DesiredCapabilities();
    caps.setCapability("browserName", "Chrome");
    caps.setCapability("version", "latest");
    caps.setCapability("platform", "WIN10");
    caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);

    ChromeOptions options = new ChromeOptions();
    Map<String, Object> prefs = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    Map<String, Object> profile = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    Map<String, Object> contentSettings = new HashMap<String, Object>();

    prefs.put("profile.content_settings.exceptions.clipboard", getClipBoardSettingsMap(1));
    options.setExperimentalOption("prefs", prefs);

    caps.setCapability(ChromeOptions.CAPABILITY, options);

    WebDriver driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new URL(URL), caps);

    driver.get("https://permission.site/#read-text");
    driver.findElement(By.id("read-text")).click();
    Thread.sleep(2000);
    driver.quit();
  }
}

// no example yet

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilities
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import time

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_preference('profile.content_settings.exceptions.clipboard', {
    '*': {'setting': 1}
  })
desired_cap = chrome_options.to_capabilities()
desired_cap.update({
  'version': 'latest',
  'platform': 'WIN10',
  'browserName': 'chrome'
})
driver = webdriver.Remote(command_executor='https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub', desired_capabilities=desired_cap)
driver.get("https://permission.site/#read-text")
driver.find_element_by_id("read-text").click()
time.sleep(2)
driver.quit()

var webdriver = require('selenium-webdriver');
const {Options} = require('selenium-webdriver/chrome');

const options = new Options()
options.setUserPreferences({
    profile: {
        content_settings: {
            exceptions: {
                clipboard: {
                    ['https://permission.site,*']:
                        {
                            "expiration": "0",
                            "last_modified": Date.now(),
                            "model": 0,
                            "setting": 1
                        },
                }
            }
        }
    }
})

var capabilities = {
  'browserName' : 'Chrome',
  'version' : 'latest',
  'platform' : 'WIN10'
}
capabilities.merge(options.toCapabilities());

var driver = new webdriver.Builder()
  .usingServer('https://API_KEY:API_SECRET@hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub')
  .withCapabilities(capabilities)
  .build();

driver.get('https://permission.site/#read-text')
  .then(function() {
    driver.findElement(webdriver.By.id("read-text")).click()
      .then(function() {
        driver.quit();
      });
  });

using System;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Remote;
using System.Threading;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Chrome;

namespace SampleCSharp
{
    public class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            RemoteWebDriver driver;
            ChromeOptions capability = new ChromeOptions();
            var clipboardException = new Dictionary<string, object> {
              {"[*.]myurl.com,*", 
                new Dictionary<string, object> {
                  {"last_modified", DateTimeOffset.Now.ToUnixTimeMilliseconds()}, 
                  {"setting", 1}
                }
              }
            };
            profile.Add("profile.content_settings.exceptions.clipboard", clipboardException);
            chromeOptions.Add("prefs", profile);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("browserName", "Chrome", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("version", "latest", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("platform", "WIN10", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("key", "key", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("secret", "secret", true);
            capability.AddAdditionalCapability("chromeOptions", chromeOptions, true);

            driver = new RemoteWebDriver(new Uri("https://hub.testingbot.com/wd/hub/"), capability);
            driver.Navigate().GoToUrl("https://permission.site/#read-text");
            driver.FindElement(By.Id("read-text")).Click();
            Thread.Sleep(2000);
            driver.Quit();
        }
    }
}

Cross Browser Testing

Live Testing

Visual Testing

Smart-TV Testing

Automated App Testing

Live App Testing

Codeless Automation

Headless Testing

Automation Frameworks

Handling permission pop-ups

Location Permission

Camera and Microphone Permissions

Notification Permissions

Clipboard Permissions